I was able to install jenkins using the below process, apt-transport-https needs to be installed in order to fetch the jenkins repository over https along with other updates
Thank you for responding @adeelak! Your script looks a lot like what I ended up with when I finished the task, although I think that I may have ended up installing openjdk-9-jre instead of openjdk-8-dbg. I need to revisit my notes again to compare.