Does Terraform require an IAM role and resource policy to access a remote state file in s3 bucket

Terraform
#1

I need help to understand if an IAM role and a resource policy for a s3 backend bucket is required for a terraform
to read and write a remote state file after the s3 bucket as been created either manually or otherwise.

#2

When Terraform runs, it needs permissions to access and modify resources in AWS, including the S3 bucket used for state storage.

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